如何提高英语四级作文水平?
一、“功能段落”突破CET写作。
“To be or not to be: that is a question.”莎士比亚如是说。冲刺环节,背模板還是不背?我的答案:背,但绝并不是随便的背。
整篇背诵模板并不是最有效果的方法,由于模板的写作思路是固定的,然而非常多时候试題的命題思路可能与所背模板思路不相同。因而,可能影响到“所背非所考”,甚至影响到文不对題,生搬硬套。
但如果是,不管英语四六级写作话題怎么变化,大多数基本都对应3个或两个汉语提纲。只需按提纲要求去写相应的内容段落,就做到了紧扣主題。历年写作提纲可以总结为六种功能段落:现象描述、危害分析(弊)、原因分析、提倡措施、观点阐述(观点的本质为优缺点:支持方观点等于分析“利”,反方观点等于分析“弊”)、意义阐述(利)。
下面,本人结合近年真題展示功能段落内容:
2011-06:Online Shopping
1.当前网上购物已成为一种时尚
2.网上购物有非常多好处,但也有不少问題
3.我的提倡
解析:本次英语四级对应四个段落分别是:现象、观点(利、弊)和提倡。该类作文可以被称之为:观点对比型作文,对比的内容重点在优缺点分析上。
2010-12:How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?
1.现在不少父母为孩子包办一切
2.以便让孩子独立,父母应当……
解析:该題目只有两个提纲:现象和提倡,可以添加一个功能段落:原因。这样子这篇作文就是“三段论”的形式:提出问題(负面现象描述)、分析问題(原因)、提倡措施段。2010年6月CET也是该种那类型。
2009-12:Creating a Green Campus
1.建设绿色校园很至关重要
2.绿色校园不但指绿色的环境……
3.以便建设绿色校园,我们应当……
解析:该段对应提纲下面:意义阐述(即分析:利或好处)、现象描述(解释绿色校园环境之外的因素)、提倡措施段。
综合以上分析,六种功能段落已经涵盖住了以上考试的全部提纲。因而,假如能够熟练掌握住六种功能段落的写作实际就熟练掌握了四六级考试写作考題的最本质特征。这样的话,不管題目怎么变化,我们预备基本都是有的放矢的。反观,死背模板容易影响到生搬硬套,甚至文不对題。
二、写作短期提分方略
在了解了英语四级考试在命題特点的基础上,考生在冲刺环节最需要预备的是两个内容:思路和表达。思路解决怎么写的问題,表达解决写什么的问題。假如拿到一个作文題目,你知道应当遵循什么思路去写,又知道应当写什么表达,这篇作文就已经成功了一半。
思路点拨:在本人所讲授的基础班、强化班、精品班等不相同班型上基本都曾讲授到现象、原因、提倡、优缺点、观点分析时的逻辑:“一个中心,四个一般点”。具体内容:“以孩子(学生、事件)为中心,以家长(老师、有关人员)、家庭(学校、管理机构)、社会、法规(道德观念)为一般点”
试举例就说明:以2010年12月真題为例,主題为子女教育话題。谈到子女,必定关系到到家长,孩子和家长组成家庭,千千万万的家庭组成社会,是什么在维护着社会稳定?法规和道德观念。这样子我们就找到了可以入手去分析的五个方面:孩子、家长、家庭、社会、法规道德观念。怎么用这五个方面?如分析家长溺爱孩子原因时至少可以从家长观念、家庭结构变化、社会背景角度去分析。
同理,2010年6月话題为学生英语学习,可从学生自身、教师教学、学校教学法规政策角度去分析。那么,假如主題并不是孩子也不一定是学生,怎么分析?201一年6月主題为网络购物,分析时就以该事件为中心,可以想到有关人或物(买方:customers/ clients /shoppers;卖方:online shops/ stores;中间方:支付宝、淘宝等),其管理机构(政府)、社会背景,有关法规是不是健全等。
“一个中心,四个一般点”的分析逻辑形成一种立体化网状结构,考生运用该思维模式,只需能想到其中两到三点,思路问題即可迎刃而解。提倡全部有缘相识与北京新东方课堂、四级写作模板班、四级翻译突破班的童鞋们首要任务是将该思路背诵下来,以备以后可以在考场上灵活应用。
表达积累:表达包括四个层次:词句段篇。
其中篇章层面只需遵循提纲要求去组织文章即可,因而篇章方面不足为虑。段落方面遵循“功能段落”的六种形式去识别,也小菜一碟。
词和句是表达的一般元素,同样是语言质量的根本体现。在新东方教书的这四年中和三次参加四六级考试阅卷的经历中,看过无数学生的作文,深感学生词句方面能力的薄弱。与此同时结合过往教学中的成功案例,提出冲刺环节表达积累的高效途径。
1. 背写:思路+表达。
非常多同学考前也在背,背的滚瓜烂熟,脱口而出,觉得我们自己水平很牛!上了考场也顺利将文章写了出来,却得了一个很低的分数,为什么?由于单词基本都拼错了。冲刺环节,请牢记:口头背诵的在好不等于能够写对。背写是提高写作和翻译惟一,同样是最有效果的方法。
那么背写什么内容哪?答案是思路和表达。思路上文中已有论述,遣词和造句的表达方面应当紧密结合功能段落来背诵有效果句式和用词。考生不必刻意追求符合客观条件的要求难词,但可以将经常遇见词汇稍作替换:如,
exceedingly, extremely, intensely替换very;an army of/a great many/a host of替换a lot of;advancement替换development; positive, favorable, promising(有希望的), perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior替换good; give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger替换cause; harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that,替think; beneficial, rewarding替换helpful; bear in mind that替换remember; enjoy, possess替换have; shopper, client, consumer, purchaser,替换customer
表达精彩体当前3个方面:遣词、造句、连贯。小伙伴们可以结合以下例文体验这3个方面:(声明:试題命制、范文均为笔者原创,谢绝转载!)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of To Help or Not to Help?. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow:
1. 帮助别人家是一种美德
2. 但如果是帮助陌生人容易导致我们自己陷入麻烦
3. 我的看法
首段阐述意义:In contemporary society, it should be a virtue for individuals to offer help to those who are in need. Without this morality, it is impossible for the society to be named “Harmony”. Apparently enough, it is of great importance/ significance/ value/ benefits for people to help each other, especially in difficulties.
二段描述负面现象:However, a host of people find it hard or troublesome to offer helps to strangers. We have been frequently informed that(A typical example is that)a warmhearted man --who lends a hand to an old lady—gets himself in trouble. Since helping others may trigger trouble, a few people refuse to offer help timely. And if we let/allow this situation to continue as it is now, we would not know where civilized society will be in the forthcoming future.
尾段我的看法(或提倡):As college students, we should bear in mind this virtue. However, it is essential that regulations should be worked out to support this virtue. In addition, it is suggested that we should offer aid to strangers in a safe way, such as dialing 12o or110 for help. If we try our utmost to do so, the future of our society/ civilization will be promising, hopeful and rosy.(以上范文字数为202词,请我们自己酌情删减即可)
三、冲刺复习安排提倡。
总体原则:先背在写、环节总结、适度模拟。
先背在写:基础较差同学必需要先背壹些物品,然后才模仿该作文的思路和表达去写。可以背诵的内容有:本人上课时讲义上要求小伙伴们背诵的功能句式和教材有关范文。背写的目的是积累语言表达实力,与此同时练习书写的公正和优美。提倡书写较差的考生买本英语字帖练一下书写,也许你能有意外的惊喜。
环节总结:每过一周就必须要问我们自己几个问題:所背诵的表达可以用来写什么类型的文章?该类文章的有关词汇或表达有什么?关键词怎么防止重复?假如解决不了,请参照讲义上给小伙伴们总结的各种功能段落的功能句式和表达。请记住:沒有复习,沒有巩固。
适度模拟:在熟练熟练掌握背写了六种功能段落的思路和表达以后,可以结合适度題目在写作中运用所讲所背所总结提分词汇、句式。提倡小伙伴们能够灵活运用,做到一例多用。如我在多个班上讲过的关于英语学习的话題作文,可以写13次四级考试的作文。
題目:On English Learning
提纲:1.英语学习很至关重要;2.英语者所面临的困难;3.怎么学好英语
In contemporary world, English learning has gained great popularity and it is of great significance. (主題句) Firstly, based on a survey, a majority of tourists acknowledge that they prefer to speak English when traveling around the world. (调查法表述)Secondly, compared with the poor English speakers, good English-speakers are superior in many ways. (相当模板句式)
However, English learners may have a variety of difficulties or troubles in their learning.(主題句) For example, it can be noticed that a large number of students have difficulty memorizing words. Sometimes, it is difficult for them to understand the rules of grammar. In addition, though some are good at reading or writing, they can not express themselves freely in English.
Then, how to get a good command of (学好) this language? I am convinced that practice makes perfect. Only practice can enable one to speak and write fluently. And it is also through practice that one can master the rules of grammar and remember words, and there is no other way. (强调句式)
2013年12月英语四级真題作文范文
作文要求: Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on learning and then explain why education doesn't simply mean learning to obtain information. Your should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. (如图所示,我们看到有一个学生和一个老师正站在教室里。
当学生要求做一个随堂测试的情况下,他手上拿着手机说到:"一旦我知道了怎么用Google,那不就是我所要需要的全部的教育么?"听到了学生这样子的问題,老师显得尴尬而又惊讶。
) 真題范文: From the cartoon given above, we can observe that there is a student and a teacher standing in a classroom. When given a quiz by his teacher, the little boy says, with cell phone in his hand that, "once I learn how to use Google, isn't that all the education I really need?" Having heard her student's question, the teacher seems to be quite embarrassed and shocked. We can learn from the cartoon that the Internet has exerted a great influence on people's education. One of the most obvious influences is that we can acquire relevant knowledge and information rapidly and precisely via search engines, professional websites and online education. The internet has been served as a big school, a huge library and an informative book. However, education does not simply mean learning to obtain information. Studying in school, daily communication with people around us, social activities and fulfilling a task or a project can also be effective and indispensable forms. They enable us to enrich our knowledge, broaden our horizons, cultivate skills in communication and practice or even refine our character. All of these can not be achieved by the Internet education alone. The Internet has exerted a great impact on many aspects of people' life (of course including education). However, when enjoying the fruits of it, we should not overlook those traditional, essential and prevailing forms of education. By the way, do you think that institutions like shcools or libraries will vanish in the wake of the Internet ? (250 words) 真題范文的参考译文: 我们从这幅图画得知,网络对我们的学习引起了巨大的关系。
最大的关系就是获得信息的巨大的便利性。
我们可以通过搜索发动机、专业的门户网站或在线教育很快的而又精准地获得有关的知识和信息。
网络在现代社会已经变成了一个巨大的学校、一座巨大的图书馆或是一本充满信息的书。
然而,教育绝不但仅意味着学会获取信息。
学校的读书上课、与身边的人的平时生活的沟通交流、社会的实践活动以及完成一项任务或项目基本都是教育的有效果而不可或缺的形式。
它们使我们丰富的知识,扩大的视野,培养交流和实践能力甚至完善性格。
而这些,基本都是搜索信息这样子的教育形式所无法到了的。
互联网在生活的各个方面(当然包含教育)造成了巨大的关系。
然而,我们在享用它给教育带来的成果的与此同时,也不一定能忽视有些传统的、精华的和流行的教育形式。
顺便问一句,你觉得学校、图书馆这样子的机构会在某一天淹没在互联网的大潮中吗?(范文来源于新东方)
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